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he case, and that it is theheight of rashness and presumption for a scrupulous person to preferhis ideas to those of the priest. (b) As to practice, the theologians agree that one who fulfills theusual religious duties of a Catholic, has also fulfilled the command torenew the act of faith. In this case the person is guilty ofdisobedience, but not of schism, even though he persists in hisrefusal; for he rejects a commandment of the Church, not the head ofthe Church. Serious losses are such as prevent one from obtaining notablegoods, The following rules indicate when grave inconvenience excu

(b) Ignorance is consequent (after the act of the will), when it isvoluntary, which may happen in different ways: first, w if the subject does not give sufficient reflection orfull consent, as when infants are jealous of one another, or adultsfeel the stirrings of envy. However, it may oblige accidentally, on account of the greaterevils that would follow on disobedience, such as scandal, civildisturbances, etc. --The Duties of Subjects (2636).